Well executed balanced dog training works, plain and simple. But not all balanced training is created equal. True balanced training utilizes a variety of tools and techniques, but it is grounded in the use of a balance of pressure and rewards and desirable and undesirable consequences. Use of pressure in dog training doesn’t have to be unduly harsh, in fact fair use of pressure results in clearer communication between the learner (the dog) and trainer. All animals learn through a mix of desirable and undesirable consequences. These are the four quadrants of operant conditioning (positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment). While all animal learning involves the four quadrants, some trainers choose to focus on using only positive reinforcement as part of their training plans. This does not eliminate the dog experiencing pressure, but it takes two very valuable quadrants off the table for the trainer- positive punishment (adding pressure to reduce a behavior) and negative reinforcement (stopping pressure to encourage a behavior). While positive reinforcement is an essential ingredient in balanced dog training, clarity and reliability are only achieved through conscientious use of pressure to assure understanding and consistency in behavior. Additionally, balanced training better prepares our dogs for the rigors of the real world, where they will inevitably encounter physical and psychological stressors and pressures. When we teach our dogs how to interpret pressure and be resilient to stressors, we serve them best!